Activities against Streptococcus pneumoniae of amoxicillin and cefotaxime at physiological concentrations: in vitro pharmacodynamic simulation.

Bactericidal activity of amoxicillin against non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model simulating the concentrations obtained with the 2000/125 mg sustained-release co-amoxiclav formulation.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae of simulated amoxicillin serum concentrations obtained in humans after 2000/125 mg sustained-release (SR) and 875/125 mg co-amoxiclav administered twice and three times a day, respectively. METHODS An in vitro computerized pharmacodynamic simulation was carried out and colony counts were determined over 24 h....

Prevalence of macrolide resistance and in vitro activities of six antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from a multi-center surveillance in Malaysia.

The in vitro activities of 6 antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) were investigated and the erythromycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were correlated with the two major macrolide resistance determinants, mef(A) and erm(B). MICs of commonly used antibiotics as well as the presence of macrolide resistance determinant genes in all iso...

Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics

Cefotaxime is a bactericidal "third generation" cephalosporin has a broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive microorganisms and exceptional activity against most gram-negative microorganisms. Cefotaxime is widely considered to be the antibiotic of choice for the management of neonatal meningitis and sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria. Cefotaxime is active against Neisseria meningitis,...

In vitro activity of sanfetrinem and affinity for the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Against penicillin-susceptible pneumococci, the activity of sanfetrinem was similar to those of penicillin, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, imipenem, and meropenem, while against penicillin-resistant strains, sanfetrinem and the carbapenems exhibited superior activity (MICs at which 90% of strains are inhibited, < or =1 microg/ml). PBP 1a in the penicillin-susceptible strain and PBP 1a and PBP 2b in t...

In vitro Activities of Penicillin G, Cefotaxime, Fosfomycin, Fusidic Acid and Vancomycin Against Streptococcus pneumoniae